Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.
( A. Einstein )不要为成功而努力,要为作一个有价值的人而努力。(爱因斯坦)
初中英语不定冠词a & an用法教学视频
初中英语定冠词the用法教学视频
第一章 冠 词
一、冠词的概述
1、冠词的定义:冠词是用来表示名词特性的一种词,它表示名词可数还是不可数、单数还是复数、任何一个还是特定的一个等。也就是说,冠词与名词是紧密连在一起的。冠词主要放在名词之前,说明名词所表示的人或物,它不能离开名词而单独存在。
2、冠词的种类:
(1)不定冠词:有a/an 两种形式。“a”用在以辅音音素开头的词前面,“an”用在以元音音素开头的词前面。判断一个词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,是根据读音而不是根据字母。
(2)定冠词: 只有the 一种形式。
3、冠词的泛指、特指和类指的用法:
(1)泛指:指首次提到的、不限定的人或物。
(2)特指:指上文已提到的人或物,或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定的人或物,也可以是指说话者双方都清楚的特定的人或事物。
(3)类指:表示类别
4、冠词的用法:
概述 |
冠词 |
用法 |
说明 |
单数可数名词前一般要用冠词 |
a(n) |
泛指 |
单一,每一,任一事物 |
类指 |
类别 |
||
the |
特指 |
上文提到过的人或事物 |
|
被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物 | |||
说话双方都清楚的人或事物 | |||
世上独一无二的事物 | |||
类指 |
类别 |
||
复数可数名词、不可数名词前 |
the |
特指 |
上文提到过的人或事物 |
被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物 | |||
说话双方都清楚的人或事物 | |||
零冠词 |
泛指 |
人或事物 |
|
类指 |
类别 |
二、冠词考点纵览
知识点考点
|
考点对应典型例题剖析 |
考点一: 不定冠词a/an的用法
|
考点1:用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前。
|
(1) This is a book. 这是一本书。 (2) There is a boy in the classroom. 教室里有一个男孩。 (3) That is a schoolbag. 那是一个书包。 | |
考点2:泛指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类。
| |
(1) A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。 (2) A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能会很危险。 (3) A horse is useful to mankind. 马对人类有用。 | |
考点3:泛指某人或某物。
| |
(1) A girl is waiting for you. 一个女孩正在等你。 (2) I have a beautiful bedroom. 我有个漂亮的卧室。 (3) It is an excellent movie. 这是一部很棒的电影。 | |
考点4:用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前,有“每一“的意思,相当于every。
| |
(1) two kilometers an hour 每小时两千米 (2) five lessons a week 每周五节课 (3) twice a month 每月两次 | |
考点5:用于某些固定词组中。
| |
(1) a few/little/bit 一点儿 (2) have a good time 玩的愉快 (3) keep a diary 写日记 (4) in a hurry 匆忙 | |
考点6:用于可视为一体的两个名词前。
| |
a knife and fork 一副刀叉
a cup and saucer 一副杯碟 | |
考点二: 定冠词the的用法
|
考点1:表示双方都知道的人或事物。
|
(1) Give me the book, please. 请给我那本书。 (2) Don’t worry, if you can’t come to the party. I will save some cake for you. 别担心,如果你不能来参加晚会的话,我会给你留些蛋糕的。 (3) Open the door, please. 请把门打开。 | |
考点2:表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。(第一次提到用“a或an”以后再次提到用“the”)
| |
(1) Do you know the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么? (2) I have a book. The book is very interesting. 我有一本书。这本书很有趣。 (3) There is a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is new. 我爸爸房间里有一个架子。那个架子是新的。 | |
考点3:表示世界上独一无二的事物。
| |
(1) The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 (2) The moon is bright at night. 晚上月亮很明亮。 (3) The plane is flying in the sky. 飞机在空中飞。 (4) There are about 200 countries in the world. 世界上约有200个国家。 | |
考点4:用在序数词,形容词最高级前面,以及对特定的两个人或事物进行比较时的比较级前。
| |
(1) The first lesson is very easy. 第一课很简单。 (2) She is the most careful student in our class. 她是我们班最认真的学生。 (3) He is the younger of the two boys. 他是两个男孩中比较小的那一个。 | |
考点5:用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩。
| |
(1) The Greens are watching TV now. 格林一家人现在正在看电视。 (2) The Blacks are cleaning the house. 布莱克一家正在打扫房子。 (3) The Reads are having dinner. 瑞兹一家正在吃晚饭。 | |
考点6:用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
| |
(1) the West Lake 西湖 (2) the Great Wall 长城 (3) the United States 美国 (4) the United Nations | |
考点7:与某些形容词连用表示一类人。
| |
(1) the poor 穷人 (2) the rich 富人 (3) the old 老人 (4) the sick 病人 | |
考点8:用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词之前。
| |
(1) Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。 (2) The sun rises from the east. 太阳从东方升起。 (3) I like playing the piano. 我喜欢弹钢琴。 (4) Lily is playing the violin. Lily正在拉小提琴。 | |
考点9:用于某些固定词组中。
| |
(1) in the morning/afternoon/evening (在上午/下午/晚上) (2) in the end 最后 (3) by the way 顺便说一下 (4) at the moment 此时,此刻 | |
考点三: 零冠词的用法
|
考点1:某些专有名词,如人名,地名,国名,物质名词,抽象名词等表示泛指时前面用零冠词。
|
(1) China is a great country. 中国是一个伟大的国家。 (2) Mary lives in New York. 玛丽住在纽约。 | |
考点2:用在表示节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等词的前面,但若特指某年的某个月份或某年的某个季节,则需要在月份、季节前加”the”。
| |
(1) June 1st is Children’s Day. 六月一号是儿童节。 (2) Spring comes after winter. 春天在冬天过去之后到来。 (3) That event happened in the spring of 1932. 那件事发生在1932年的春天。 | |
考点3:三餐、球类及学科名词前用零冠词。
| |
(1) I went to school without having breakfast this morning. 今天早上我没吃早饭就去上学了。 (2) He often plays basketball after school. 他经常在放学后打篮球。 | |
考点4:某些固定词组或习惯用语中用零冠词。
| |
(1) day and night 日日夜夜 (2) side by side 肩并肩 (3) in danger 在危险中 (4) on duty 值日 (5) in bed 卧病在床 | |
考点四: 不定冠词a/an的区别
|
考点1:a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,判断一个单词是以元音音素开头还是以辅音音素开头,要根据其读音,而不是根据字母。
|
(1) He is an honest boy. 他是一个诚实的男孩 (2) There are sixty minutes in an hour. 一个小时有60分钟。 (3) There is an “f” in the word “five”. 在单词five中有一个f。 | |
考点2:记忆方法:不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音。
| |
(1) 在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:A, E, F, H, I, L, M, N, O, R, S, X, 其他用a. (2) 以u开头的单词要注意区别: an umbrella 一把伞 an unusual story 一个不同寻常的故事 an unhappy boy 一个不高兴的男孩 a university 一所大学 a unit 一个单元 a European country 一个欧洲国家 a useful book 一本有用的书 | |
考点五: 有无冠词的区别 |
考点1:常见短语有无冠词的区别。
|
(1) go to school 上学(是学生) go to the school 到学校去(不一定是学生) (2) go to bed 就寝,上床睡觉 go to the bed 向床边走去,走到床前(不一定是去睡觉) (3) in hospital 因病住院 in the hospital 在医院里(不一定是病人) (4) at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁 (5) at school 在上学 at the school 在学校里 (6) in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里 (7) in future 今后 in the future 将来 (8) in front of 在…(外部的)前面 in the front of 在…(内部的)前面 (9) next year 明年 the next year 第二年 (10) by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边 (11) on bed (睡,病,躺)在床上 on the bed (某物)在床上 (12) on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球上 |
三、综合练习
( ) 1. There is ____apple on the desk.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
( ) 2. The girl under ____tree is my sister.
A. aB .the C .an D. /
( ) 3. Mary is from ____USA.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
( ) 4. He met ____friend of his on the road.
A. a B .the C .an D. /
( ) 5. Mr. Black will go back to England ____.
A .by air B .by a plane C. by trains D. at a train
( ) 6. Yesterday I went ____work on ____foot.
A. /; / B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the
( ) 7. There is ____”h” in the word “hour”, but ____“h” doesn’t make a sound.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; an D .an; the
( ) 8. I’m going to see my mother. She is ill ____.
A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in a hospital D. at a hospital
( ) 9. We have three meals ____day. We have____breakfast at 6:30 in ____morning every day.
A. the; the; the B. the; /; the C. a; /; the D. a; the; the
( ) 10. ---This is ____film I’ve told you about several times.
---It’s great. I’ve never seen ____ more moving one.
A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the
( ) 11. ---Tina,could you please play____piano for me while I’m singing?
---With pleasure.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 12. I want to try again. Please give me _____third chance again.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
( ) 13. ---What’s the matter with you?
---I caught ____bad cold and had to stay in ____bed.
A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the
( ) 14. ____sun is shining brightly.
A. A B. AnC. The D. /
( ) 15. Swimming is ____in summer.
A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun
( ) 16. There is ____old woman in the car.
A. / B. the C. a D. an
( ) 17. Shanghai is in ____east of China.
A. / B. an C. the D. a
( ) 18. Bill is ____English teacher. He likes playing ____football.
A. a; the B. an; the C. an; / D. /; /
( ) 19. The museum is quite far. It will take you half ____hour to go there by ____bus.
A. an; / B. an; a C. a; / D. /; /
( ) 20. The story is ____interesting. That means it is ____interesting story.
A. an; the B the; a C. /; an D. /; a
( ) 21. Let’s go for ____walk, shall we?
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 22. This is ____interesting story-book and it is also ____useful one.
A. a; a B. an; an C. an; a D. a; an
( ) 23. ____woman over there is ____popular teacher in our school.
A. A; an B. The; a C. The; the D. A; the
( ) 24. They passed our school ____day before yesterday.
A. an B. one C. a D. the
( ) 25. Australia is ____English-speaking country.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 26. Don’t play ____ basketball here. It’s dangerous.
A. a B. an C. /D. the
( ) 27. This is ____ apple. It’s ____ big apple.
A. an; a B. a; the C. a; an D. an; the
( ) 28. --- Have you seen ____ bag? I left it here just now.
--- Is it ____ one on the chair near the door?
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
( ) 29. I have _____ blue coat.
A. a B. an C. the D. some
( ) 30. This is _____ orange. _____ orange is on the table.
A. a; The B. an; The C. an; An D. the; An
( ) 31. Have you had _____ breakfast?
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 32. He wondered when the doctor could finish _____ operation.
A. a B. an C. the D. any
( ) 33. After _____ supper, he stayed at home and played _____ violin.
A. the; the B. /; the C. /; a D. /; /
( ) 34. There is ______ apple on the plate.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 35. He said that he got _____ “C” in the test.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 36. ______ new bridge has been built over _____ Huangpu River.
A. The; a B. A; / C. A; the D. An; an
( ) 37. English is ______ useful language in ______world.
A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. an; an
( ) 38. In the word “carriage”, _______ “r” is lost.
A. the B. an C. a D. /
( ) 39. With the help of his teacher he studied hard and got ______ “A” in the test.
A. a B. an C. the D. one
( ) 40. I have two dogs. ______ black one is two years old and ______ yellow one is three years old.
A. A; a B. The; a C. The; the D. A; the
( ) 41. Li Dan can play ______ piano very well.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
( ) 42. What ______ interesting film it is! I like ______ film very much.
A. a; the B. a; a C. an; the D. the; /
( ) 43. ______ tall man over there is our ______ English teacher.
A. A; the B. The; a C. A; an D. The; /
( ) 44._____ usually go to church every Sunday.
A. The Brown B. A Brown C. Browns D. The Browns
( ) 45. The train is running fifty miles ______.
A. an hour B. one hour C. the hour D. a hour
( ) 46. Ann’s habit of riding a motorcycle up and down the road early in the morning annoyed the neighbors and ______ they took her to the court.
A. in the end B. at the end C. in an end D. in end
( ) 47. It is reported that today _____ president will have lunch with _____ President Obama.
A. the; the B. a; aC. the; /D. /; /
( ) 48. Tian’an Men Square and ______ Great Wall are two of the places everyone should see in ______ People’s Republic of China.
A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the
( ) 49. I’ll come in ______ minute; in fact I’ll come ______ moment I finish my homework.
A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a D. /; /
( ) 50. This is one of ______ interesting books on your subject.
A. the most B. the most of the C. most D. most of the
有个小秘密,答案在后面
初中英语冠词用法专项练习
一、冠词填空:在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划 / 。
1.There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.
2.This is _______ useful book.I've read it for _______ hour.
3. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.
4. _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day.
5.Let's go out for _______ walk.
6.It's too hot.Open _______ door,please.
7.There is _______ woman over there. _______ woman is Meimei's mother.
8. _______ sun rises in _______ east.
9. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.
10.Are you going to do it _______ second time?
11.Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA.
12. _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street.
13.He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995.
14. _______ old man is _______ teacher.He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper.
15.After I had _______ quick breakfast,I hurried to school.
16.Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat?
17.They went to _______ People's Park,but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday.
18.I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.
19. _______ day of _______ December 20,1999 is Monday.
20.Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today.
21.I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject.
22.He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike.
23.What does this _______ word mean, _______ Father?
24.What _______ important news!
II.选择填空。
1.—Does Jim have _______ ruler?—Yes,he has _______ .
A.an;some B.a;one C.a;/ D.any;one
2.There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's.
A.an ;The B.the;An C.a;The D.the;The
3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay.
A.The B.A C.An D.Two
4.—How many books do you have?
—I have _______ book.That's _______ English book.
A.a;an B.a;one C.one;an D.one;one
5.At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby.
A.a B.an C.the D./
6. _______ tiger is _______ China.
A.The;a B.A;the C.The;from D.The;the
7.We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.
A.the;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;/
8. _______ useful book it is!
A.What an B.How a C.What a D.What
9.One afternoon he found _______ handbag.There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag.
A.a;an;the B.a;a;the C.an;an;an D.the;a;a
10. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting.
A.An;an;a B.The;/;an C.The;/;a D.The;/;the
11. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.
A.A;a B.The;the C.A;the D.The;a
12. _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River.
A.The;a B.A;/ C.A;the D.An;the
13. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.
A.A;an B.The;a C.The;the D.A;the
14.He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.
A.a;a B.a;the C./;a D.a;/
15.They made him _______ king.
A.a B.the C.an D./
16.His father is _______ English teacher.He works in our school.
A.a B.an C.the D./
17.Is he _______ American boy ?
A.an B.a C.one D./
18.Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school?
A./;/ B./;the C.the;/ D.a;/
19.They passed our school _______ day before yesterday.
A.an B.one C.a D.the
20.Australia is _______ English-speaking country.
A.a B.an C.the D./
21.She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.
A.a;The B.an;The C.an;A D.the;The
22.This is _______ apple.It's _______ big apple.
A.an;a B.a;the C.a;an D.an;the
23.Look at _______ horse over there.
A.a B.an C.the D./
24.Don't play _______ basketball here.It's dangerous.
A.a B.an C./ D.the
25.There is _______ old woman in the car.
A./ B.the C.a D.an
26.Beijing is _______ beautiful city.It's _______ capital of China.
A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;the
27.Shanghai is in _______ east of China.
A./ B.an C.a D.the
28.I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years.
A.a B.an C.the D./
29.Bill is _______ English teacher.He likes playing _______ football.
A.a;the B.an;the C.a;/ D.an;/
30.The museum is quite far.It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus.
A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;/ D./;/
有个小秘密,答案在后面
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参考答案
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C
11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B
31. D 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. B 40. C
41. D 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. A
初中英语冠词用法专项练习答案与详解
I.1.a;an;the
2.a;an。第一个空的a是泛指,第二个空的an是指“一小时”。
3.An;a。这两个空都是泛指,故都用不定冠词。
4.The;the;a。前两个空都是特指,故填the;后一个空中的a相当于every或each,three times a day意为“一天三次”。
5.a。go out for a walk意为“出去散步”。
6.the
7.a;The。前者泛指,后者特指。
8.The;the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体;第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。
9.The;the,×。第一空用the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词;第二空用the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词;第三空“零”冠词是因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。
10.a。a second time意为“再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意为“第二次”。此句填a是表示动作的重复,而不能用the(表顺序)。
11.the;the。第一个the是特指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加定冠词。
12.The。“the +姓氏的复数”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
13.the;×。表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。
14.The a;×;×。在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前不加冠词。
15.a。三餐名称前若有形容词,则可在形容词前加冠词,此处是泛指,故用a。
16.×;×;×;×。此句意为“农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗?”前两个空也可填定冠词,意为:“那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗?”
17.the;the。普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
18.×;the。TV前不加冠词。“早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。
19.The;×;×。第一空是特指。日期名词前不加冠词。
20×;a21.×。学科名称前一般不加冠词。
22.×;×。go to school上学。by bike骑自行车。
23.×;×。指示代词不能与定冠词连用。
24×。注意news是不可数名词,故不能加a。
II.
1.B。第一空是泛指;第二空的one是不定代词,用以替代前面的ruler。
2.A
3.C。这是一句谚语,意思是“一天吃一个苹果,用不着看医生。”
4.C。one强调数量,用以回答“Howmany...?”问句;第二个空是泛指,故用an。
5.A。one虽以元音字母开头,但以辅音音素〔w〕开头,故填a。
6.C。此句意为:“这只老虎来自中国。”
7.B。在“太阳、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠词the;at night“在夜晚”,注意该短语中没有冠词。
8C
9.A。“s”虽为辅音字母,但却以元音音素〔e〕开头,故填an。
10.D。第一个空填the,是特指那个“白发老太太”;第二个空不填冠词,是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有language,就得说the English language。“在会议上”应为at the meeting。
11.B。the Great Wall长城。
12.C。第一个空是泛指,用a;第二个空是河流名称,故用the。
13.B。第一个空:“那边的那个妇女”,是特指;第二个空是指那个妇女的身份、职业,是泛指。
14.D。第一个空是泛指;第二个空用“零冠词”是因为turn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。
15.D。表示某人的职位时可用“零冠词”。
16.B17.A 18.A。after school放学以后。
19.D。the day before yesterday前天。
20.B21.B。第一空泛指,第二空特指。
22.A。两个空都是泛指。
23.C
24.C
25.D
26.D
27.D。in the east of在某地区(内)的东部。
28.A。two and a half years也可说成two years and a half,意思都是“两年半”。
29D
30A。half an hour半小时,by bus乘公共汽车。